Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cells of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Most cervical cancers are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection.

Cervical cancer often develops slowly over time, starting with precancerous changes in the cells of the cervix known as dysplasia or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). These precancerous changes can be detected through regular Pap tests, allowing for early intervention and prevention of cervical cancer.

Symptoms of cervical cancer may not appear until the cancer has progressed to an advanced stage, but they can include abnormal vaginal bleeding, bleeding after intercourse, pelvic pain, or unusual vaginal discharge.

Treatment for cervical cancer depends on the stage of the cancer, the patient’s overall health, and other factors. It may include surgery to remove the cancerous tissue,